Why do objects appear different colors when light shines on them?

Objects appear different colors when light shines on them because they absorb and reflect different wavelengths of light. When white light, which is made up of various wavelengths corresponding to different colors, strikes an object, some wavelengths are absorbed by the object's surface while others are reflected. The wavelengths that are reflected are what we perceive as the object's color.

For example, a red apple appears red because it reflects wavelengths corresponding to red light while absorbing others. This selective reflection and absorption of light is what determines the color we see. Thus, the object's color is directly related to the specific combination of wavelengths it reflects and absorbs.

In this context, other options do not accurately describe how color perception works. Some options may suggest emitting light or lacking color, which does not align with the fundamental principles of light interaction with materials. The correct understanding is rooted in the physical properties of light and the material's surface characteristics.