What type of neurons transmit sensory information to the central nervous system?

Afferent neurons, also known as sensory neurons, have the specific function of transmitting sensory information to the central nervous system (CNS). They are responsible for carrying signals from sensory receptors—such as those for touch, temperature, pain, and other sensations—toward the brain and spinal cord. This process allows the CNS to interpret sensory input, leading to perceptions and responses to the environment.

In contrast, efferent neurons carry signals away from the CNS to muscles and glands, facilitating motor action rather than sensory input. Interneurons act as connectors or integrators within the CNS, processing information between afferent and efferent neurons but do not themselves transmit sensory information from the periphery. Motor neurons specifically convey commands from the CNS to elicit movement. Thus, only afferent neurons are involved in the transmission of sensory information to the CNS.