What type of macromolecule are enzymes primarily composed of?

Enzymes are primarily composed of proteins, which are a type of macromolecule made up of amino acids. These chains of amino acids fold into specific three-dimensional structures that determine the enzyme's functionality. The unique structure of each enzyme allows it to interact with specific substrates and catalyze biochemical reactions efficiently.

Proteins play crucial roles in nearly all biological processes, and the catalytic nature of enzymes is fundamental to metabolism and cellular function. The active site of an enzyme is specifically shaped to bind to the substrate, which facilitates the conversion of substrates into products while lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.

In contrast, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and lipids each serve different biological functions. Carbohydrates primarily provide energy and structural support, nucleic acids (like DNA and RNA) carry genetic information, and lipids are involved in energy storage and the formation of cellular membranes. Therefore, the composition of enzymes as proteins aligns perfectly with their role as catalysts in biological reactions.