What role do supporting ecosystem services play?

Supporting ecosystem services are fundamental to maintaining the intricate balance of ecosystems and ensuring their functionality. They primarily involve processes that are necessary for the production of all other ecosystem services. This includes activities such as nutrient cycling, soil formation, and the provision of habitat for different species. By maintaining biodiversity, supporting services help ecosystems to be resilient, enabling them to react and adapt to changes and disturbances.

Biodiversity is crucial because it contributes to ecosystem productivity, stability, and resilience. For example, diverse plant species can improve soil health, enhance nutrient availability, and support various animal species, all of which contribute to a healthy ecosystem. When these supporting services function effectively, they lay the groundwork for regulating services (like climate regulation), provisioning services (like food and materials), and cultural services (such as recreational and aesthetic benefits), allowing for overall ecological balance.